meena मनोज अधिकारी, पोखरा- जापानबाट दुई वर्षअघि घर फर्कंदा साथीहरूले सुन, हिरा र मोतीका बहुमूल्य गरहगना रोजे। महँगा विद्युतीय सामान लिएर आए। मीनाकुमारी (मिनु) गुरुङका झोलामा भने जापानी तरकारीका बीउ, झार काट्ने मेसिन, टाउकोदेखि हातगोडामा लगाउने रबरका पञ्जा, एप्रोन, बुट र अन्य कृषि औजार थिए। उनलाई अरूजस्तो न धपक्क गहना लगाएर हिँड्ने रहर थियो, न घरभरि विलासिताका सामान जोड्ने सोख। व्यावसायिक कृषक बन्ने एक मात्र उद्देश्य लिएर उनी स्वदेश फर्कंदै थिइन्।
तिनै ४७ वर्षीया मिनु कास्कीकी एक सफल र व्यस्त व्यावसायिक कृषक बनेकी छन्। झट्ट हेर्दा जापानीजस्ती देखिने उनले जापान बस्दा देखेका र सिकेका व्यावसायिक कृषिका नमूना पोखरा नजिकैको हेम्जा फाँटमा लटरम्म उत्पादन गरेर देखाएकी छन्। ‘स्वदेशकै धनमानी र विदेशबाट धन कमाएर फर्किएकाहरूमा काम नगरी बसेर खाने प्रवृत्ति देखेँ,’ उनले नागरिकसँग भनिन्, ‘काम गरिबले मात्र गर्ने होइन भन्ने देखाउन म खेती-किसानी गर्न आएको हुँ।’ बर्खे धान र हिउँदे आलु मात्र उत्पादन हुने फाँटलाई उनले बाह्रै महिना विभिन्न sarinaजातका तरकारीको हरियाली बनाएकी छन्। उनी माटो बिगार्ने रासायनिक मल र मानव स्वास्थ्यलाई हानिकारक विषादी प्रयोग नगरी अर्गानिक विधिबाट खेती गर्छिन्। विदेशमा भाँडा माझ्न तयार हुनेहरूलाई उनी कृषि दुखिया पेसा होइन भन्ने बुझाउन चाहन्छिन्। बिहान-बेलुकी दालभात र तरकारी खानैपर्ने, तर त्यसको उत्पादनको काम गर्न नहुने सुन्दा उनलाई असाध्यै नरमाइलो लाग्छ। ‘हुनेखानेले कृषि पेसा गर्दै नगर्ने,’ गुरुङले भनिन्, ‘विदेशबाट फर्किएकाले पनि कृषिलाई हेयको दृष्टि हेर्ने र बसेर मात्रै खाने प्रवृत्ति देखेपछि अरूलाई पाठ सिकाउन मलाई यो काम गर्नैपर्छ भन्ने लाग्यो।’ गुरुङका अनुसार ‘लाहुरेनीले समेत किसानी गरेपछि हामीले गर्न किन नहुने’ भनेर धेरैले खेती किसानी गर्न थालेका छन्। आफूले मात्र लाभको व्यवसाय नगरी उनले अन्य कृषकलाई पनि समेटेर सँगै अघि बढेकी छन्। भाडाको जमिनमा सञ्चालित कृषि फार्ममा मुलुकका विभिन्न जिल्लाबाट कृषक व्यावसायिक तरकारी खेती सिक्न आउँछन्। भाडाको २५ रोपनी जमिनमा उनले गोलभेंडा, आलु र अन्य सागपात मुख्य तरकारी बालीका रूपमा लगाउँदै आएकी छन्। उनको फार्मका ३२ ठूला र ५ साना गरी ३७ वटा टनेलमा वीनसारी, डालिमा र सृजना जातका गोलभेंडा छन्। ती टनलेमा गत बैशाखमा लगाएको गोलभेंडाले फागुनसम्म पनि उत्पादन दिइरहेको छ। गोलभेंडाबाट प्रतिटनेल वार्षिक कम्तीमा ४० हजार रुपैयाँ आम्दानी लिने गरेको उनले सुनाइन्। वार्षिक गोलभेंडाबाट मात्र करिब १२ लाख रुपैयाँ आम्दानी लिने उनले आलु लगायत अन्य तरकारीबाट पनि राम्रै आम्दानी लिइरहेकी छन्। गुरुङले गोलभेंडाबाहेक दुई रोपनीमा आलु, एक रोपनीमा काउली, करिब दुई रोपनीमा बन्दा र अन्य केही जमिनमा जापानी सागसब्जी लगाएकी छन्। ‘तरकारी खेतीमा सबै खर्च कटाएर वार्षिक ८-१० लाख रुपैयाँ त कमाइ हुन्छ,’ उनले भनिन्, ‘त्योभन्दा ठूलो कुरा आफ्नै देशको माटोमा खेलेर आफ्नै मिहेनतको कमाइ खानुको सन्तुष्टि बेग्लै छ।’
सुरुसुरुमा धेरैले मिनु गुरुङलाई बेलायतको भिसा लिएर कति दिन खेती गर्लिन् भन्ने टिप्पणी गर्थे। उनका लाहुरे पति नौबहादुर पनि नेपाल फर्केर बेकारको दुःख गर्नुभन्दा बेलायतमै आरामको जीवन रोज्न फकाइरहन्थे। बुढेसकाल बेलायतमा श्रीमान्सँगै बिताउने अवसर छाडेर उनी भने भिसा सिरानीमै राख्दै व्यस्त किसानको जिन्दगी बिताइरहेकी छन्। उनीसँग चाहेका बेला बेलायत उड्न सक्ने आप्रवास भिसा छ। छोराहरू पनि अध्ययनका लागि विदेशमै छन्। श्रीमतीको अनुकरणीय कृषि कर्मबाट प्रभावित उनका श्रीमान् बेलाबेला बिदा मिल्दा हेम्जा आउँछन् र बसुन्जेल केही काम सघाएर फर्कन्छन्। मीना जेठाजुका दुई छोरा र एक बुहारीलाई साथ लिएर हेम्जाकै एक सानो घरमा बस्छिन्। आफू पनि दैनिक बिहानदेखि बेलुकासम्म काममा व्यस्त हुन्छिन्। यसबाहेक दुईजना नियमित सहयोगी राखेकी छन्। सहरको भिडभाड र कोलाहल पटक्कै मन नपर्ने भएकाले उनी नजिकैको पोखरा सहर पनि हत्तपत्त पस्दिनन्। सहरतिर जानुभन्दा दिनभर एप्रोन लगाएर खेतबारीमै रमाउन उनलाई मन पर्छ। लाहुरे पत्नीको नाताले उनले श्रीमान्सँग कैयन् मुलुकमा १५ वर्ष बिताइन्। बिहेलगत्तै सुरुको तीन वर्ष हङकङ बसेकी उनी बच्चा हुर्काउने बेला नेपाल फर्केर ४ वर्ष यतै बसिन्। त्यसपछि फेरि करिब ५ वर्ष हङकङ, ७ महिना अमेरिका र १४ महिना जापान बसेकी हुन्।
लाहुरे श्रीमान् सधैं ड्युटीमा जाने भएकाले दिनभरि डेरामा बेकामे बस्नुपर्दा उनलाई पीडाबोध हुन्थ्यो। ‘आफूहरू (लाहुरेपत्नी) दिनभर घरमै बस्ने, खाने-रमाउने बाहेक केही कामै हुँदैथ्यो,’ गुरुङले ती दिन स्मरण गरिन्, ‘यसरी अर्काको देशमा सधैं बन्धकजस्तो बस्नुभन्दा स्वदेशकै दुःख ठिक लागिरहन्थ्यो।’
बस्दाबस्दै दिक्क लागेर केही काम गर्न खोजे कमजोर शिक्षा र उमेरका कारण उनीजस्ता नेपालीले भाँडा माझ्ने र भुइँ पुछ्नेजस्ता काम गर्नुपर्थ्यो। योभन्दा स्वदेश फर्कनु नै उनलाई ठिक लाग्यो। उनी २०५४ मा जापानबाट एक्लै घर फर्किन्। पोखराको माटेपानीस्थित घरमा कुखुरापालन सुरु गरिन्। एकैपटक तीन हजार कुखुरा पालेर उनले पाँच वर्षसम्म लगातार यो व्यवसायबाट राम्रो आम्दानी लिन सफल भइन्।
व्यवसायमा जम्दाजम्दै व्यवहारिक कारणले श्रीमान्सँगै बु्रनाई जानुपर्यो। तीन वर्ष त्यहाँ बसेपछि फेरि जापानको यात्रा तय भयो। जापानमा छंदै श्रीमान् गोर्खा लाहुरे जीवनबाट रिटायर्ड भए। उनले स्वदेश फर्कनु सट्टा बेलायतमा अर्को काम खोजे। १७ वर्षको उमेरमै भर्तीमा छिरेर नेपाल छाडेका उनी अब स्वदेश फर्केर के गर्ने भन्ने अन्यौलमा थिए। पूर्वगोर्खा लाहुरे भएकाले उनले बेलायतमा राम्रो तलब सुविधाको काम पाउन गाह्रो भएन।
जापानमा बस्दा पछिल्लो समय मीनाको स्थानीय महिला कृषकसँग मित्रता बढ्यो। उनले तिनीहरूका कृषि फार्म हेर्ने र सिक्ने मौका पाइन्। तिनै साथीले उन्नत जातका बेमौसमी तरकारी खेती सिकाए। उच्च प्रोटिनयुक्त सिताके च्याउ खेतीको तरिका सिकाए। नेपाल फर्कने बेला आवश्यक कृषि औजार र बीउबिजन समेत दिएर उनको इच्छालाई हौस्याए। ‘ तिनै जापानी साथीले अहिले पनि बेलाबेला सामानहरू पठाएर सहयोग गर्छन् ,’ गुरुङले भनिन् , ‘ मेरो कृषि फार्मको फोटो र भिडियो हेरेर उनीहरू निकै खुसी भएका छन्। उनीहरू अर्को वर्षतिर मलाई भेट्न यहीँ आउने योजनामा छन्। ‘
… उनले आफ्नै नेतृत्वमा ९ जनाको कृषक समूह बनाएकी छन्। ६ महिनाअघि गठित ‘ विष्णुपादुका गोलभेंडा उत्पादक समूह ‘ मा आबद्ध उनीहरूले निजी र भाडाको गरी कुल ६० रोपनी जमिनमा व्यावसायिक तरकारी खेती गरिरहेका छन्। ६० मध्ये २५ रोपनी जमिन स्थानीय विष्णुपादुका उच्च माविको हो भने अन्य स्थानीयबासीको जमिन भाडामा लिइएको हो। स्कुलको जमिन ५ वर्षे र अन्य जमिन ७ वर्षे सम्झौतामा लिइएको गुरुङले जानकारी दिइन्।
समूहमा बन्दना गुरुङ , दिलशोभा गुरुङ , टकमाया विक , गंगा थापा , लक्ष्मी थापा , सरस्वती थापा , बिबि राना , चित्रनाथ पौडेल र दिलजंग गुरुङ सदस्य छन्। ‘ समूहमा कृषि सामग्री किन्दा अनुदान र सहुलियत पाइँदो रहेछ ,’ उनले भनिन् , ‘ कृषकहरूले पनि आ-आफ्नो अनुभव आदानप्रदान गर्न पाएका छन्। ‘ दुई वर्षअघिसम्म धान र आलु मात्र फल्ने खेतबारीमा अहिले कृषक बाह्रै महिना केही न केही गरिरहेका हुन्छन्। तरकारी खेतीको केन्द्र मानिने हेम्जाका कृषकलाई बजारसम्म जाने झन्झट पनि गरिरहनु पर्दैन। ७ किलोमिटर दुरीको पोखराबाट व्यापारीहरू हानथाप गर्दै खेतबारीमै तरकारी किन्न पुग्छन्। उनीहरूले कृषकसँग किनेको मुल्यको चार गुणासम्म नाफा लिएर बजारमा पुर्याउने गरेका छन्। बिचौलियाले लिने नाजायज फाइदाप्रति भने गुरुङको चित्तदुखाइ छ।
किसानले अथक मिहेनत र पसिना बगाएर थोरै मात्र फाइदा पाए पनि बिचौलियाले दोब्बर-तेब्बर नाफा लिँदा उपभोक्ता महँगो मूल्य तिर्न बाध्य भएको उनी बताउँछिन्। बिचौलियाको मनपरी व्यापार देखेपछि कृषक समूहले आफ्नै गाडी किनेर बजारसम्म ढुवानी गर्ने सोच बनाएको छ। ‘ गाडी किनेपछि नाफा पनि बढी हुन्छ ‘ गुरुङले भनिन् , ‘जापानमा जस्तै उपभोक्ताको मागअनुरुप साताको एकपटक पोखराका घरघरमा तरकारी पुर्याउने मेरो सोच छ। ‘
उनले सिल्दजुरेमा गरिब तथा विपन्न परिवारलाई बाख्रापालन र सिताके च्याउ खेतीमा सघाइरहेकी छन्। गाउँका २४ परिवारलाई दुई वर्षअघि उन्नत जातका बाख्रा वितरण गरेकी थिइन्। पाठापाठी किसानलाई नै दिएर एउटा बाख्रा मात्र फिर्ता गर्नेगरी वितरण गरिएको उनी बताउँछिन्।
यससँगै उनले अहिले गाउँमा सिताके च्याउ प्रवर्द्धन गर्न थालेकी छन्। त्यसका लागि आफ्नै कृषि फार्ममा सयौं मुढामा च्याउ उमार्न सुरु भएको छ। स्वास्थ्यवर्द्धक मानिने यो च्याउमा प्रोटिन , भिटामिन , मिनरल्स प्रचुर मात्रामा पाइने भएकाले सहरका धनाढ्य र विदेशमा उच्च माग छ। सिताके च्याउ प्रतिकेजी ८ सयदेखि एक हजार रुपैयाँमा बिक्री हुन्छ। ‘ गाउँमा उत्तिसका मुढामा यो च्याउ लगाउन सकियो भने किसानले राम्रो आम्दानी लिन सक्छन् ,’ गुरुङ भन्छिन् , ‘ मैले जापानको हामामाजु सहरमा बस्दा नजिकै रहेको कृषि फार्ममा गएर सिकेको सिप यहाँ प्रयोग गरेर देखाउँदैछु। ‘
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I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
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I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
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Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
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I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
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Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
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I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
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